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Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a quantitative analysis method that uses enzyme labeled antibodies or antigens to detect specific molecules in biological samples. This detection method is based on the principle of immune response, which involves the specific binding of antigens and antibodies, and the detection and quantification of target molecules are achieved through enzyme labeling of antibodies or antigenicity labeling.
In ELISA, samples containing target molecules are usually added to microporous plates coated with specific antibodies or antigens to bind with solid-phase antibodies or antigens. Then, enzyme labeled antibodies or antigens are added to bind with the target molecules, and substrates are added to generate measurable signals such as optical signals and fluorescence signals through the catalytic action of enzymes, in order to obtain information on the content and properties of the target molecules.
ELISA is mainly used for laboratory testing in fields such as medicine, biology, and drug development. It has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, strong specificity, and accurate and reliable results. It can simultaneously detect multiple target substances and is suitable for the detection of large-scale samples. In addition, the ELISA method is simple, feasible, and cost-effective, making it widely used in clinical diagnosis, disease prevention, drug research and development, and other fields.
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